Booting from a USB stick is nowadays more and more important. More and more PCs (and servers) are delivered by default without a CD/DVD drive. To install the OS of your choice, USB sticks provide you the easiest possibility. In fact, it can even work out cheaper than burning a CD or DVD that you just throw away once the version is outdated.
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For most Linux distributions the ISO for burning a CD/DVD is available freely on the internet. In this post I’ll assume you have already downloaded the bootable ISO image for the OS of your choice, but how to get the ISO image onto the USB stick?
The ISO file you have downloaded contains an image of the entire media. It includes all the files necessary to boot your PC/server. This image format is sadly not directly usable to copy onto the USB stick. We first need to convert the image from an ISO to a UDRW (Read/Write Universal Disk Image Format) which we can copy to the USB stick.
Some of the steps to create a bootable USB stick could be done in the GUI as well, but as some of them can’t and you have to go to the shell anyway, I decided to do all of the steps in the shell.
Convert the ISO to UDRW format
Mac OS X provides all the tools needed to convert the ISO image to UDRW. The following command will convert the ISO image to the UDRW format.
You will notice that the destination_file.img from the command will create the file destination_file.img.dmg really. This is because the hdiutil program automatically adds the dmg file extension. This is not a problem as the file extension won’t affect the format of the image.
Prepare the USB stick
Check your USB stick and make a backup if there is any important data on it, as the next steps are going to delete everything on it.
To prepare the USb stick we are going to delete all the partitions on the stick and create an empty partition. To do this we need to know the device name of the USB stick. Open a terminal and execute the following command:
You will see a list of disks and partitions. The goal is to identify the USB stick in this output. Depending on your system configuration your output might look different from this one. This appears to show 3 physical discs but it does not. The /dev/disk1 is a virtual disk created because of the partition encryption (FileVault 2) I enabled in Mac OS X.
As shown in the output above, the connected USB stick is a small 2.0 GB drive with a FAT partition on it. We are now going to remove this partition in the next step. For the following steps we will need the name of the disk which in this case is “/dev/disk2”.
With the following command the data on the disk (your USB stick) will be deleted!
With this command the USB stick was re-partitioned to have 1 partition without formatting and 100% of the size of the stick. If you check it again with “diskutil list” you will see the changes already, also the USB stick will no longer be shown in the Finder.
Copy the image to the USB stick
Now we can copy the disk image we created to the USB stick. This is done via the dd(1) command. This command will copy the image to the disk (substitute the appropriate disk name for your USB stick here, as with the re-partitioning command):
The dd command does not show any output before it has finished the copy process, so be patient and wait for it to complete.
To eject the USB stick, use the above command. After this is done, the bootable USB stick is ready to be used.
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What you need to install Windows 10 on Mac
- MacBook introduced in 2015 or later
- MacBook Air introduced in 2012 or later
- MacBook Pro introduced in 2012 or later
- Mac mini introduced in 2012 or later
- iMac introduced in 2012 or later1
- iMac Pro (all models)
- Mac Pro introduced in 2013
The latest macOS updates, which can include updates to Boot Camp Assistant. You will use Boot Camp Assistant to install Windows 10.
64GB or more free storage space on your Mac startup disk:
- You can have as little as 64GB of free storage space, but at least 128GB of free storage space provides the best experience. Automatic Windows updates require that much space or more.
- If your Mac has 128GB of memory (RAM) or more, the Windows installer needs at least as much free storage space as your Mac has memory. For example, if your Mac has 256GB of memory, your startup disk must have at least 256GB of free storage space for Windows.
An external USB flash drive with a storage capacity of 16GB or more, unless you're using a Mac that doesn't need a flash drive to install Windows.
A 64-bit version of Windows 10 Home or Windows 10 Pro on a disk image (ISO) or other installation media:
- If installing Windows on your Mac for the first time, use a full version of Windows, not an upgrade.
- If your copy of Windows came on a USB flash drive, or you have a Windows product key and no installation disc, download a Windows 10 disk image from Microsoft.
- If your copy of Windows came on a DVD, you might need to create a disk image of that DVD.
How to install Windows 10 on Mac
To install Windows, use Boot Camp Assistant. It's in the Utilities folder of your Applications folder.
1. Use Boot Camp Assistant to create a Windows partition
Open Boot Camp Assistant and follow the onscreen instructions:
- If you're asked to insert a USB drive, plug your USB flash drive into your Mac. Boot Camp Assistant will use it to create a bootable USB drive for Windows installation.
- When Boot Camp Assistant asks you to set the size of the Windows partition, remember the minimum storage-space requirements in the previous section. Set a partition size that meets your needs, because you can't change its size later.
2. Format the Windows (BOOTCAMP) partition
When Boot Camp Assistant finishes, your Mac restarts to the Windows installer. If the installer asks where to install Windows, select the BOOTCAMP partition and click Format. In most cases, the installer selects and formats the BOOTCAMP partition automatically.
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3. Install Windows
Unplug any external devices, such as additional displays and drives, that aren't necessary during installation. Then click Next and follow the onscreen instructions to begin installing Windows.
4. Use the Boot Camp installer in Windows
After Windows installation completes, your Mac starts up in Windows and opens a ”Welcome to the Boot Camp installer” window. Follow the onscreen instructions to install Boot Camp, including Windows support software (drivers). You will be asked to restart when done.
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If the Boot Camp installer doesn't open automatically, your final step should be to open the Boot Camp installer manually and use it to complete installation.
How to switch between Windows and macOS
Restart, then press and hold the Option (or Alt) ⌥ key during startup to switch between Windows and macOS.
Learn more
If you have one of these Mac models using OS X El Capitan 10.11 or later, you don't need a USB flash drive to install Windows:
![Mac Mac](/uploads/1/3/4/1/134153674/293840654.jpg)
- MacBook introduced in 2015 or later
- MacBook Air introduced in 2015 or later2
- MacBook Pro introduced in 2015 or later2
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- iMac introduced in 2015 or later
- iMac Pro (all models)
- Mac Pro introduced in late 2013
For more information about using Windows on your Mac, open Boot Camp Assistant and click the Open Boot Camp Help button.
1. If you're installing Windows and macOS Mojave on an iMac (27-inch, Late 2012), iMac (27-inch, Late 2013), or iMac (Retina 5K, 27-inch, Late 2014) and your Mac is configured with a 3TB hard drive, learn about an alert you might see during installation.
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2. These Mac models were offered with 128GB hard drives as an option. Apple recommends 256GB or larger hard drives so that you can create a Boot Camp partition of at least 128GB.